Percentage of children in a school attendance age (approximately 3-17 years old depending on the country) that have internet connection at home. Also in this case the indicator relates to the potential educational impact of electrification on children and young people.

Percentage of women who worked in the 12 months preceding the survey and are working currently. A lower score reflects weaker female emancipation within the labour market, and thus a higher potential impact of electricity access for improving women empowerment.

Percentage of healthcare facilities with electricity access in selected countries. Information on electricity access for healthcare facilities has been collected in the electricity access health facility database (EHFDB). The lower the healthcare facilities with access to electricity the greater the potential for decentralised renewable energies to improve electricity access in these facilities and thus healthcare outcomes.

Percentage of women who are literate. This indicator highlights the importance of electricity for women, who spend the majority of their time taking care of the households. Electricity can ease girls and young women from houdeholds duties and allow them to attend schools. Thus, the lower the number of households with access to electricity the greater the potential for decentralised renewable energies to improve literacy levels among women.

Percentage of undernourished people. The higher the incidence of undernourished people the more beneficial decentralised renewable energy solutions may be, in terms of improving both cooking facilities within households and agricultural productivity with positive impacts on nutrition. Thus electricity can be used to make agricultural practices more efficient and refrigerate food produce to store for longer.

This layer shows the percentage of people with access to any improved sanitation facility, including both piped systems (such as sewer or septic tanks) and non-piped improved options (like ventilated improved pit latrines or composting toilets), in 2017. Improved sanitation is essential for public health, reducing the spread of waterborne diseases and supporting safe and dignified living conditions. Areas with low access highlight the need for expanded basic services and targeted investments in infrastructure.

''Intact Forest Landscapes (IFLs) are defined as those with an unfragmented area of at least 500 km2 and which are minimally influenced by human economic activity''.(Thies et al. 2011) IFLs are critical for stabilizing terrestrial carbon storage, harboring biodiversity, regulating hydrological regimes, and providing other ecosystem functions. Researchers, firstly, created a global IFL map using existing fine-scale maps and
a global coverage of high spatial resolution satellite imagery (Potapov et al. 2008). Moreover they assessed the distribution and dynamics of IFLs within the extent of present-day forest ecosystems tracking loss of intact forest landscapes from 2000 to 2020. In this layer we show the reduction of the IFL extent for African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP)countries that decreased by 16,6% since the year 2000. Countries that experienced the largest reduction in intact forest landscape area over the past two decades are Solomon Islands with 66,3 %, Central African Republic with 57% and Equatorial Guinea with 50,4%. Democratic Republic of the Congo still  has the highest proportion of intactness of ACP countries with 59,7Mha. IFL in Democratic Republic of the Congo has an extent of 64,3Mha as the 27,7% of its forest cover. 

Percentage of schools in Africa reporting to have no electricity. The lower the education facilities with access to electricity the greater the potential for decentralised renewable energies to improve electricity access in these facilities and thus educational outcomes.

This layer represents the predicted likelihood that a given settlement is electrified, with values ranging from 0 (no electricity) to 1 (fully electrified). The data are derived from the High Resolution Electricity Access (HREA) dataset, which combines satellite observations of night-time lights with population settlement layers to estimate electricity access. Areas with low predicted electrification can help identify where decentralized renewable energy solutions may be most impactful in closing electricity access gaps.

Mapping ongoing project activities in the field of conservation in protected areas is essential to identify the various actors and to identify the areas where information and actors are scarce. The aim is to better understand who is funding what and where, with a view to improve decision-making on biodiversity conservation. This map provides the geolocation of all sites that have received funding in the frame of a biodiversity conservation project -or an activity within a project- within approx. the last 20 years. It specifies whether the site is protected or not. One project usually includes several sites.

This dataset provides the P50 projections for a Direct Heat with Heat Pump geothermal system.

Direct Heat with Heat Pump refers to a scenario where a geothermal system is integrated with an industrial heat pump to upgrade low-grade heat. This allows for production from geothermal temperatures as low as 40°C, which are then heated by the pump to a delivery temperature of 80°C. The reinjection temperature is set to the production temperature minus 20°C, with a absolute minimum of 15°C.

P50 is a statistical term used in risk analysis and forecasting. P50 represents the median scenario, meaning there is a 50% probability that the actual outcome will be higher than this value and a 50% probability it will be lower. It serves as the baseline ""best estimate.""

• Coefficient of Performance (COP) [-]: A measure of efficiency, defined as the ratio of useful heating or cooling provided to the work (energy) required to operate the Chiller. Higher values indicate greater efficiency.

• Doublet Net Production [MW]: The actual useful power output (Megawatts) generated by the ""doublet"" (one production well + one injection well), subtracting any energy used by pumps or auxiliary equipment.

• Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) [US$ct/kWh]: The average revenue per unit of energy needed to recover the cost of building and operating the plant over its entire life cycle. It essentially represents the break-even price.

• Net Present Value (NPV) [million US$]: The current financial value of all future cash flows the project will generate, minus the initial investment costs. A positive NPV generally indicates a profitable project.

• Optimized Depth of the Aquifer [m]: The calculated ideal drilling depth (meters) to reach the geothermal reservoir that balances drilling costs with temperature/flow benefits.

• Pressure needed to drive pumps [Bar]: The total pressure difference required to drive the thermal loop through the reservoir and wellbore.

• Production Flow Rate [m³/h]: The volume of geothermal fluid extracted from the reservoir per hour (cubic meters per hour).

• Temperature at Reservoir [°C]: The natural temperature (Celsius) of the geothermal fluid within the subsurface rock formation before it is brought to the surface.

• Transmissivity [Dm]: A measure of how easily fluid flows through the porous aquifer. It is the product of hydraulic conductivity and aquifer thickness (often measured in Darcy-meters). High transmissivity means easier extraction.

• Well Distance [m]: The physical distance (meters) between the production well (extraction) and the injection well (return). Proper spacing prevents ""short-circuiting,"" where cool injected water lowers the temperature of the production well too quickly.

This layer shows the percentage of children under 6 months who are exclusively breastfed, meaning they receive only breast milk without any additional food or drink. Exclusive breastfeeding is a key determinant of child survival, growth, and development.

Percentage of women who experienced physical or sexual violence. This indicator focuses on the importance of bringing electricity to public infrastructures, in particular streets. Improving street lighting can make these infrastructures safer especially for women and thus reduce the number of women who experienced any type of violence in public spaces.

The availability and quantity of observational species occurrence records have greatly increased due to technological advancements and the rise of online portals, such as the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), coalescing occurrence records from multiple datasets. Funded by the world's governments, this international network and data infrastructure is aimed at providing anyone, anywhere, open access to data about all types of life on Earth. This map displays all the observations reported to the GBIF from 1600 to present. This knowledge derives from many sources, including everything from museum specimens collected in the 18th and 19th century to geotagged smartphone photos shared by amateur naturalists in recent days and weeks. Individual records are available at https://www.gbif.org

Development test dataset: random 0-100 values on the 0.35° Nature Africa grid clipped to the DRC. Not real data.

Prevalence of underweight (weight-for-age <-2 standard deviation from the median of the World Health Organization (WHO) Child Growth Standards) among children under 5 years of age. Survey estimates are based on standardized methodology using the WHO Child Growth Standards. Global and regional estimates are based on methodology outlined in UNICEF-WHO-The World Bank: Joint child malnutrition estimates - Levels and trends (UNICEF/WHO/WB 2012).

This dataset provides the P50 projections for a geothermal system utilizing a Chiller unit.

Chiller refers to an absorption chiller or heat pump integrated into the geothermal system. It is used to provide cooling (by utilizing the geothermal heat) or to extract additional heat from the return fluid, thereby increasing the system's overall thermal harvest.

P50 is a statistical term used in risk analysis and forecasting. P50 represents the median scenario, meaning there is a 50% probability that the actual outcome will be higher than this value and a 50% probability it will be lower. It serves as the baseline "best estimate."

• Coefficient of Performance (COP) [-]: A measure of efficiency, defined as the ratio of useful heating or cooling provided to the work (energy) required to operate the Chiller. Higher values indicate greater efficiency.

• Doublet Net Production [MW]: The actual useful power output (Megawatts) generated by the "doublet" (one production well + one injection well), subtracting any energy used by pumps or auxiliary equipment.

• Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) [US$ct/kWh]: The average revenue per unit of energy needed to recover the cost of building and operating the plant over its entire life cycle. It essentially represents the break-even price.

• Net Present Value (NPV) [million US$]: The current financial value of all future cash flows the project will generate, minus the initial investment costs. A positive NPV generally indicates a profitable project.

• Optimized Depth of the Aquifer [m]: The calculated ideal drilling depth (meters) to reach the geothermal reservoir that balances drilling costs with temperature/flow benefits.

• Pressure needed to drive pumps [Bar]: The total pressure difference required to drive the thermal loop through the reservoir and wellbore.

• Production Flow Rate [m³/h]: The volume of geothermal fluid extracted from the reservoir per hour (cubic meters per hour).

• Temperature at Reservoir [°C]: The natural temperature (Celsius) of the geothermal fluid within the subsurface rock formation before it is brought to the surface.

• Transmissivity [Dm]: A measure of how easily fluid flows through the porous aquifer. It is the product of hydraulic conductivity and aquifer thickness (often measured in Darcy-meters). High transmissivity means easier extraction.

• Well Distance [m]: The physical distance (meters) between the production well (extraction) and the injection well (return). Proper spacing prevents "short-circuiting," where cool injected water lowers the temperature of the production well too quickly.

This dataset provides the P50 projections for a Direct Heat geothermal system.

Direct Heat refers to the use of geothermal energy for applications such as space heating, industrial processes, or agriculture. In the utilized model, it is assumed a minimum production temperature of at least 60°C and a reinjection temperature of 40°C.

P50 is a statistical term used in risk analysis and forecasting. P50 represents the median scenario, meaning there is a 50% probability that the actual outcome will be higher than this value and a 50% probability it will be lower. It serves as the baseline "best estimate."

• Coefficient of Performance (COP) [-]: A measure of efficiency, defined as the ratio of useful heating or cooling provided to the work (energy) required to operate the Chiller. Higher values indicate greater efficiency.

• Doublet Net Production [MW]: The actual useful power output (Megawatts) generated by the ""doublet"" (one production well + one injection well), subtracting any energy used by pumps or auxiliary equipment.

• Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) [US$ct/kWh]: The average revenue per unit of energy needed to recover the cost of building and operating the plant over its entire life cycle. It essentially represents the break-even price.

• Net Present Value (NPV) [million US$]: The current financial value of all future cash flows the project will generate, minus the initial investment costs. A positive NPV generally indicates a profitable project.

• Optimized Depth of the Aquifer [m]: The calculated ideal drilling depth (meters) to reach the geothermal reservoir that balances drilling costs with temperature/flow benefits.

• Pressure needed to drive pumps [Bar]: The total pressure difference required to drive the thermal loop through the reservoir and wellbore.

• Production Flow Rate [m³/h]: The volume of geothermal fluid extracted from the reservoir per hour (cubic meters per hour).

• Temperature at Reservoir [°C]: The natural temperature (Celsius) of the geothermal fluid within the subsurface rock formation before it is brought to the surface.

• Transmissivity [Dm]: A measure of how easily fluid flows through the porous aquifer. It is the product of hydraulic conductivity and aquifer thickness (often measured in Darcy-meters). High transmissivity means easier extraction.

• Well Distance [m]: The physical distance (meters) between the production well (extraction) and the injection well (return). Proper spacing prevents ""short-circuiting,"" where cool injected water lowers the temperature of the production well too quickly.

This dataset provides the P50 projections for an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) geothermal power plant.

Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) refers to a binary power plant configuration where geothermal fluid (brine) is used to heat a secondary organic working fluid. This process allows for efficient electricity generation from medium-to-low temperature resources (typically 90°C to 150°C). The organic fluid vaporizes, drives a turbine, and is then condensed back into a liquid to repeat the cycle. The geothermal brine is reinjected into the reservoir after passing through the heat exchanger.

P50 is a statistical term used in risk analysis and forecasting. P50 represents the median scenario, meaning there is a 50% probability that the actual outcome will be higher than this value and a 50% probability it will be lower. It serves as the baseline ""best estimate.""

• Coefficient of Performance (COP) [-]: A measure of efficiency, defined as the ratio of useful heating or cooling provided to the work (energy) required to operate the Chiller. Higher values indicate greater efficiency.

• Doublet Net Production [MW]: The actual useful power output (Megawatts) generated by the ""doublet"" (one production well + one injection well), subtracting any energy used by pumps or auxiliary equipment.

• Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) [US$ct/kWh]: The average revenue per unit of energy needed to recover the cost of building and operating the plant over its entire life cycle. It essentially represents the break-even price.

• Net Present Value (NPV) [million US$]: The current financial value of all future cash flows the project will generate, minus the initial investment costs. A positive NPV generally indicates a profitable project.

• Optimized Depth of the Aquifer [m]: The calculated ideal drilling depth (meters) to reach the geothermal reservoir that balances drilling costs with temperature/flow benefits.

• Pressure needed to drive pumps [Bar]: The total pressure difference required to drive the thermal loop through the reservoir and wellbore.

• Production Flow Rate [m³/h]: The volume of geothermal fluid extracted from the reservoir per hour (cubic meters per hour).

• Temperature at Reservoir [°C]: The natural temperature (Celsius) of the geothermal fluid within the subsurface rock formation before it is brought to the surface.

• Transmissivity [Dm]: A measure of how easily fluid flows through the porous aquifer. It is the product of hydraulic conductivity and aquifer thickness (often measured in Darcy-meters). High transmissivity means easier extraction.

• Well Distance [m]: The physical distance (meters) between the production well (extraction) and the injection well (return). Proper spacing prevents ""short-circuiting,"" where cool injected water lowers the temperature of the production well too quickly.

This dataset provides the global geographic distribution of key livestock species—cattle, sheep, and goats—for the year 2010, sourced from the Gridded Livestock of the World (GLW 3) database. Expressed as the total number of animals per pixel at a spatial resolution of 5 minutes of arc, these layers are essential for diverse applications in agricultural socio-economics, food security, environmental impact assessments, and epidemiology.

The INFORM Risk Index 2021 is a composite model structured into a hierarchy of dimensions, categories, and components. All scores are normalized on a scale of 0 to 10 (10 being the highest risk).

Below is the clear breakdown of the index's architecture based on your descriptions:

1. The Composite Index

The top-level score representing a country's overall risk of humanitarian crisis. It is used to assign countries into Risk Classes:

• Low: ≤3.5
• Medium: 3.5−5.0
• High: 5.0−6.5
• Very High: ≥6.5

2. Dimension: Vulnerability

This dimension measures the predisposition of a population to be affected by a hazard based on economic, political, and social characteristics.

Sub-Index: Socio-Economic Vulnerability

An aggregate index covering three main components of systemic instability:

• Development Deprivation: Measures poverty using the Human Development Index (HDI) and Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI).
• Inequality: Captures the dispersion of human development, including the Gender Inequality Index and the Gini Coefficient.
• Aid Dependency: Measures economic instability through reliance on public aid, development assistance, and remittances.

Sub-Index: Vulnerable Groups

Captures social groups with limited access to care and heightened susceptibility:

• Uprooted People: Tracks refugees, IDPs, and returnees.
• Children Under 5: Specifically monitors child malnutrition and mortality rates.
• Recent Shocks: Factors in populations already affected by natural disasters in the last 3 years.
• Food Security: Captures trends in chronic hunger and nutritional balance.
• Health Conditions: Monitors the prevalence of pandemics (HIV, TB, Malaria) and neglected tropical diseases.

3. Dimension: Lack of Coping Capacity

This dimension measures the ability of a country to manage and recover from disasters through its infrastructure and government effort.

Sub-Index: Institutional Capacity

Measures the "soft" infrastructure of a country's disaster management:

• Governance: Captures government effectiveness, resilience-building, and political integrity (lack of corruption).
• DRR Implementation: Quantifies how well Disaster Risk Reduction activities are actually put into practice.

Sub-Index: Infrastructure

Measures the "hard" assets and systems available during a crisis:

• Communication: Evaluates the efficiency of early warning dissemination and the literacy/education of the recipients.
• Physical Connectivity: Assesses the accessibility of transport and the quality/availability of water and sanitation services.
• Access to Healthcare: Captures health system strength, including physician density and maternal/infant health services.

Priority areas are identified using local coefficients estimated through Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR), which measures the spatially varying relationship between access to electricity and education using the indicator of percentage of population with secondary education .
The tool highlights locations where the local association between electricity access and the selected nutrition indicator is both negative and statistically significant. In this application, priority areas are further restricted to locations where electricity access is below 80%, ensuring that the results remain relevant for policy intervention.
The identified areas are classified as having strong, moderate, or mild associations according to the magnitude of the local GWR coefficient. This classification helps users determine the appropriate intensity of intervention. The spatially varying coefficients therefore allow users to identify areas where limited electricity access is most strongly associated with higher education, supporting targeted interventions, programme planning, and place-based development strategies.

Priority areas are identified using local coefficients estimated through Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR), which measures the spatially varying relationship between access to electricity and gender using the indicator of proportion of women with secondary school. The tool highlights locations where the local association between electricity access and the selected nutrition indicator is both negative and statistically significant. In this application, priority areas are further restricted to locations where electricity access is below 80%, ensuring that the results remain relevant for policy intervention. The identified areas are classified as having strong, moderate, or mild associations according to the magnitude of the local GWR coefficient. This classification helps users determine the appropriate intensity of intervention. The spatially varying coefficients therefore allow users to identify areas where limited electricity access is most strongly associated with lower proportion of women at secondary school, supporting targeted interventions, programme planning, and place-based development strategies.

Priority areas are identified using local coefficients estimated through Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR), which measures the spatially varying relationship between access to electricity and health using the indicator of under-5 mortality.

The tool highlights locations where the local association between electricity access and the selected nutrition indicator is both negative and statistically significant. In this application, priority areas are further restricted to locations where electricity access is below 80%, ensuring that the results remain relevant for policy intervention.

The identified areas are classified as having strong, moderate, or mild associations according to the magnitude of the local GWR coefficient. This classification helps users determine the appropriate intensity of intervention. The spatially varying coefficients therefore allow users to identify areas where limited electricity access is most strongly associated with higher mortality among children under five, supporting targeted interventions, programme planning, and place-based development strategies.

Priority areas are identified using local coefficients estimated through Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR), which measures the spatially varying relationship between access to electricity and four nutrition indicators among children under five: stunting, wasting, severe wasting, and underweight.

The tool highlights locations where the local association between electricity access and the selected nutrition indicator is both negative and statistically significant. In this application, priority areas are further restricted to locations where electricity access is below 80%, ensuring that the results remain relevant for policy intervention.

The identified areas are classified as having strong, moderate, or mild associations according to the magnitude of the local GWR coefficient. This classification helps users determine the appropriate intensity of intervention. The spatially varying coefficients therefore allow users to identify areas where limited electricity access is most strongly associated with poorer nutritional outcomes among children under five, supporting targeted interventions, programme planning, and place-based development strategies.

Priority areas are identified using local coefficients estimated through Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR), which measures the spatially varying relationship between access to piped water and four nutrition indicators among children under five: stunting, wasting, severe wasting, and underweight.

The tool highlights locations where the local association between piped water access and the selected nutrition indicator is both negative and statistically significant. In this application, priority areas are further restricted to locations where piped water access is below 80%, ensuring that the results remain relevant for policy intervention.

The identified areas are classified as having strong, moderate, or mild associations according to the magnitude of the local GWR coefficient. This classification helps users determine the appropriate intensity of intervention. The spatially varying coefficients therefore allow users to identify areas where limited piped water access is most strongly associated with poorer nutritional outcomes among children under five, supporting targeted interventions, programme planning, and place-based development strategies.